背影 朱自清散文精选.mp36:23
来源中原地标
喜马拉雅听-有声书
我与父亲不相见已两年余了，我最不行以遗忘的是他的背影啦。那年冬天，祖母死了，父亲的差使也交待了，即是灾患丛生的日子，我从北京到徐州，计划随着父亲奔丧回家啦。到了徐州见着父亲，看见满院杂乱的东-西，又想起祖母，不由簌簌地流下眼泪啦。
It is more than two years since I last saw father, and what I can never forget is the sight of his back. Misfortunes never come singly. In the winter of more than two years ago, grandma died and father lost his job. I left Beijing for Xuzhou to join father in hastening home to attend grandma’s funeral. When I met father in Xuzhou, the sight of the disorderly mess in his courtyard and the though of grandma started tears trickling down my cheeks.
父亲说“事已这样，没必-要伤心，幸亏天下不会隔绝人的前途 把人困死嘛！呀”
Father said, “Now that things’ve come to such a pass, it’s no use crying. Fortunately, Heaven always leaves one a way out.呀”
回家(1)变卖抵押，父亲还了亏空;又借了办了凶事啦。这些日子，家中景物十分惨-淡，一半为了凶事，一半为了父亲的失业(2)啦。凶事结尾，父亲要到南京找事，我也要回到北京念书，咋们便同领域的人啦。
After arriving home in Yangzhou, father paid off debts by selling or pawning things. He also borrowed money to meet the funeral expenses. Between grandma’s funeral and father’s unemployment, our family was then in reduced circumstances. After the funeral was over, father was to go to Nanjing to look for a job and I was to return to Beijing to study, so we started out together.
到南京时，有同伴约去游逛，停留了一日;第两日早上便须渡江到浦口，下午上车北去啦。父亲由于事忙，本已说定不送我，叫旅馆里一位熟悉的跑堂(3)陪我同去啦。他一再嘱咐跑堂，颇为负-责 专心 啦。但他最终不放心，怕跑堂不稳妥，颇犹豫了一会啦。一开始那年我已两十岁，北京往来过两三次，是有无什么要松的了啦。他犹豫了一会，最终决定仍然我送我去啦。我两三回劝他没必-要去(4);他只说，“不-要松，你们去不佳(5)嘛！呀”
I spent the first day in Nanjing strolling about with some friends at their invitation, and was ferrying across the Yangtse River to Pukou the next morning and thence taking a train for Beijing on the afternoon of the same day. Father said he was too busy to go and see me off at the railway station, but would ask a hotel waiter that he knew to accompany me there instead. He urged the waiter again and again to take good care of me, but still did not quite trust him. He hesitated for quite a while about what to do. As a matter of fact, nothing would matter at all because I was then twenty and had already travelled on Beijing-Pukou Railway a couple of times. After some wavering, he finally decided that he himself would accompany me to the station. I repeatedly tried to talk him out of it, but he only said, “Never mind嘛！ It won’t do to trust guys like those hotel boys嘛！呀”
咋们过了江，进了车站啦。我买，他忙着照看行李啦。行李过多了，得向苦力行些小费(6)，才可以前啦。他便又忙着和你们论价啦。我那时真是太机灵过火(7)，总以为他谈话不大美丽 (8)，非得我插嘴不行啦。但他最终讲定了价;就送我上车啦。他给我拣定了靠车门的一张椅子;我将他给我做的紫毛斗篷铺好坐位啦。他嘱我路上小心，夜里要警醒些，不-要受凉啦。又嘱托跑堂好好照料我啦。我心里窃笑他的迂(9);你们只认得，托你们直是白托嘛！而且我这样元旦龄的人，难道还不行以料-理我吗?唉，我现在想一想，那时真是太聪清晰(10)嘛！
We entered the railway station after crossing the River. While I was at the booking office buying a ticket, father saw to my luggage. There was quite a bit of luggage and he had to bargain with the porter over the fee. I was then such a smart aleck that I frowned upon the way father was haggling and was on the verge of chipping in a few words when the bargain was finally clinched. Getting on the train with me, he picked me a seat close to the carriage door. I spread on the seat the brownish fur-lined overcoat he had got tailor made for me. He told me to be watchful on the way and be careful not to catch cold at night. He also asked the train attendants to take good care of me. I sniggered at father for being so impractical, for it was utterly useless to entrust me to those attendants, who cared for nothing but money. Besides, it was certainly no problem for a person of my age to look after himself. Oh, when I come to think of it, I can see how smarty I was in those days嘛！
我说道，“父亲，你走吧啦。呀”他望车外看了看，说，“我买几个橘子去啦。你就在此地，不-要走动啦。呀”我看那里月台的栅栏外有几个卖东-西的的等着主顾啦。走到那里月台，须穿过铁道，须跳下去又爬去上面啦。父亲是一位肥壮的人，走以前自-然要费些事啦。我一开始要去的，他不愿，只好让他去啦。我看见他戴着黑布小帽啦。穿着黑布大马褂(11)，深青布棉袍，踉跄在走到铁道边，逐步探身下去，尚不浩劫啦。可是他穿过铁道，要爬上那里月台，就不简易了啦。他用两手攀着上面，两脚再向上缩;他肥壮的身子向左微倾，显出勤奋的样子啦。这个时刻我看见他的的背影，我眼泪很快地流下去了啦。我赶松拭干了泪，怕他看见，也怕他人看见啦。我再向外看时，他已抱了朱红的橘子往回走了啦。
I said, “Dad, you might leave now.呀” But he looked out of window and said, “I’m going to buy you some tangerines. You just stay here. Don’t move around.呀” I caught sight of several vendors waiting for customers outside the railings beyond a platform. But to reach that platform would require crossing the railway track and doing some climbing up and down. That would be a strenuous job for father, who was fat. I wanted to do all that myself, but he stopped me, so I could do nothing but let him go. I watched him hobble towards the railway track in his black skullcap, black cloth mandarin jacket and dark blue cotton-padded cloth long gown. He had little trouble climbing down the railway track, but it was a lot more difficult for him to climb up that platform after crossing the railway track. His hands held onto the upper part of the platform, his legs huddled up and his corpulent body tipped slightly towards the left, obviously making an enormous exertion. While I was watching him from behind, tears gushed from my eyes. I quickly wiped them away lest he or others should catch me crying. The next moment when I looked out of the window again, father was already on the way back, holding bright red tangerines in both hands.
过铁道时，他先将橘子散放在地上，我逐步爬下，再抱起橘子走啦。到这边时，我赶松去搀他啦。他和我走到车上，将橘子一股脑儿放在我的皮斗篷上啦。因而扑扑衣上土壤，心里很放松似的，过了一会说，“我走了;到那里来信嘛！呀”我望着他走进去啦。他走了几步，回过火看见我，说，“进去吧，里边没人(12)啦。呀”等他的背影混入来来经常的人里，再找不着了，我便进去坐下，我的眼泪又来了啦。
In crossing the railway track, he first put the tangerines on the ground, climbed down slowly and then picked them up again. When he came near the train, I hurried out to help him by the hand. After boarding the train with me, he laid all the tangerines on my overcoat, and patting the dirt off his clothes, he looked somewhat relieved and said after a while, “I must be going now. Don’t forget to write me from Beijing嘛！呀” I gazed after his back retreating out of the carriage. After a few steps, he looked back at me and said, “Go back to your seat. Don’t leave your things alone.呀” I, however, did not go back to my seat until his figure was lost among crowds of people hurrying to and fro and no longer visible. My eyes were again wet with tears.
近几年来，父亲和我全是随处疾驰(13)，家中的景物是一日不妨一日啦。他少年出外营生，独力支持，做了许多大事啦。那知老境却这样颓唐嘛！他触目伤怀，自-然不行以我(14)啦。情郁于中，自-然要发之于外;全家零碎便经常触他之怒啦。他待我逐步区别昔日(15)啦。但最近几天两年的不见，他最终遗忘我的不佳，不过惦念着我，惦念着我的孩子啦。我北来后，他写了一信给我，信中说道，“我身体平安，惟膀子疼疼利害，举箸提笔，许多不便，也许大去(16)之期不远矣啦。呀”我读到此处，在晶莹的泪光中，又看见那肥壮的，青布马褂的背影啦。唉嘛！我不知什么时候再能与他相见嘛！
In recent years, both father and I have been living an unsettled life, and the circumstances of our family going from bad to worse. Father left home to seek a livelihood when young and did achieve quite a few things all on his own. To think that he should now be so downcast in old age嘛！ The discouraging state of affairs filled him with an uncontrollable feeling of deep sorrow, and his pent-up emotion had to find a vent. That is why even mere domestic trivialities would often make him angry, and meanwhile he became less and less nice with me. However, the separation of the last two years has made him more forgiving towards me. He keeps thinking about me and my son. After I arrived in Beijing, he wrote me a letter, in which he says. “I’m all right except for a severe pain in my arm. I even have trouble using chopsticks or writing brushes. Perhaps it won’t be long now before I depart this life.呀” Through the glistening tears which these words had brought to my eyes I again saw the back of father’s corpulent form in the dark blue cotton-padded cloth long gown and the black cloth mandarin jacket. Oh, how I long to see him again.
【诠释】:
《背影》是朱自清(1898-1948)影响最大的讲明情感名篇之一，写于1925年10月啦。做者用的提炼的书面语，文笔秀媚，细致周密，读来有一种亲热委婉.栩栩如生的感受啦。但她的巨大艺术魅力主要来源她饱含的热诚情感啦。
(1)“回家呀”指做者和父亲一同从徐州回扬州奔丧啦。英译时有必-要交待清晰扬州是你们的家乡，因此采用加字法After arriving home in Yangzhou啦。
(2)“一半为了凶事，一半为了父亲的失业呀”译为Between Grandma’s funeral and father’s unemployment，这个内里Between…and…即是What with …and (what with)…，做“半因……，半因……呀”或者“由于……的一同影响“解啦。
(3)“跑堂呀”旧时指旅馆.餐馆.汽船等内的处事员，可译为waiter.attendant.boy等啦。
(4)“我两三回劝他没必-要去呀”译为I repeatedly tried to talk him out of it，比I repeatedly tried to dissuade him from accompanying me to the station通俗简练啦。
(5)“你们去不佳呀”中的“你们呀”指“跑堂呀”，全句意译为It won’t do to trust guys like those hotel boys啦。如直译为It won’t do to let one of the hotel boys go with you，也无不行，但未能把“对跑堂缺少信赖感呀”的意义讲明进去啦。
(6)“小费呀”在这里不指按划订价付费之外另给的“赏金呀”，不行以用tip讲明，现译为fee啦。
(7)“我那时真是机灵过火呀”中的“机灵呀”是反话，现全句译为I was then such a smart aleck，这个内里smart aleck意即“自以为是的人呀”或者“自以为样样懂的人呀”啦。
(8)“总以为他谈话不大美丽 呀”意即嫌父亲不会论价，现全句译为I frowned upon the way father was haggling，这个内里frowned upon做“表现不赞许呀”解啦。
(9)“迂呀”在这里做“不着现实呀”或者“有无见识呀”解，现结合左右文译为impractical啦。
(10)“那时真是太聪清晰呀”也是反语，现译为how smarty I was in those days，这个内里smarty和smart aleck同义啦。
(11)“马褂呀”为旧时男子汉大丈夫穿在长袍外的对襟短褂，一样平常译为mandarin jacket啦。
(12)“里边没人呀”不宜按字面直译，现译为Don’t leave your things alone啦。
(13)“父亲和我全是随处疾驰呀”不宜按字面直译，现意译为both father and I have been living an unsettled life啦。
(14)“他触目伤怀，自-然情不行以我呀”意即“他看抵全家衰败，情不自禁为之悲痛呀”，现译为The discouraging state of affairs filled him with an uncontrollable feeling of deep sorrow啦。
(15)“他待我逐步区别昔日呀”意即“他待我逐步不妨以前那么好呀”，故译为he became less and less nice with me啦。
(16)“大去呀”为旧时用语，意即“与世长辞呀”，现译为depart this life啦。
父亲说“事已这样，没必-要伤心，幸亏天下不会隔绝人的前途 把人困死吧！吗”
发表评论