初两上册英语学点总结概括
八年级（初两）上册英语语法.短语和学点总结概括
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
本单元的话题议论暑假行-动内容，温习一样平常以前时呢。
本单元的语法1.温习一样平常以前时;2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法呢。
2.不定代词和不定副词的用法
(1)左侧的some.any.every.no与右侧的body.one.thing组成不定代词，some.any.every.no与右侧的不明确的场所副词where组成不定副词;
(2)一样平常情形下以some最先的不定代词和不定副词用于一定句，以any最先的不定代词和不定副词用于否认句.不明确的场所句;以no最先的不定代词和不定副词表现否认含意(no one为两个单词);
(3)不定代词或者不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在以后呢。
He has something important to do.他有正事要做呢。(一定句用something，形容词important放后)
Did you buy anything special? (一样平常不明确的场所句用anything，形容词special放后)
Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去使人感兴趣的场所了吗?
(一样平常不明确的场所句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting放后)
(4)不定代词和不定副词做主语时，以后的动词用单数形势呢。Everone is here today.今天每逐一私人都在这里呢。
本单元的短语和学点
1. go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains 上山/进山
2.stay at home呆在家go to the beach去沙滩 visit museums 观光博物馆 go to summer camp去观光夏令营 3. study for tests为审核而学习\备考 go out进去
4. quite a few十分多,许多(后跟可数名词复数)take photos照相 most of the time大部-分时刻 5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物 6. taste good. 尝起身很好
taste(尝起身).look(看起身).sound(听起身)为感官动词，后跟形容词
7.have a good\great\fun time过得开心，玩得开心(=enjoy oneself) 8. go shopping去购物 9. nothing…but+动词本形除……之外什么都有无
He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.近来他在家除念书无事可做呢。
10. seem to do sth:似乎… I seem to know him.我似乎熟悉他呢。
seem+(to be)+形容词看起身…The work seems(to be)easy.这工做看起身很简易呢。
11.keep a diary记日志
12. in+大场所到达某地 (get to +场所到达某地)
arrive at+小场所到达某地 (get的以前式为got)
如果arrive和get后跟home.there.here三个地址副词，以后的介词in\at\to必须去掉呢。
Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.昨晚汤姆抵家呢。
13.decide to do sth:决定做某事 14. try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽心尽力去做某事
15. feel like给…的感受;感遭到 16. in the past 在以前 walk around随处走走
enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事 difference(名词，差异，差异)---- different(形容词，区别的)
18.start doing sth最先做某事 (= start to do sth)
19.19.over an hour一位多小时 (over凌驾，过剩 = more than)
20. too many 过多，后接可数名词复数呢。 too much 过多，后跟不行数名词，装饰动词做状语呢。
much too 太，后跟形容词或者副词 ， 分辩三者的口诀 too much, much too, 用法区分看后面:much 后接不行数,too 后装饰形或者副呢。too many 要记着，以后名词必复数呢。
21. because of 由于,后接名词.代词或者动名词(即动词+ing)，不行以接句子呢。
because由于，后跟句子呢。
He was late for school because of getting up late.他由于起晚而入学晚点呢。(get为动词)
= He was late for school because he got up late.
22. enough(足够的)与名词连用，一样平常放在名词前He has enough money .
23. enough(足够的)与形容词或者副词连用，enough放在以后呢。He is old enough to go to school.
24. doing sth.遗忘以前做过某事(以前做完)
Forget to do sth.遗忘去做某事(还未做)(forget的以前式为forgot)
25. so+形容词+that+句子这样…以致于…
too+形容词+to do sth太…以致于不行以…
形容词+enough to do sth足够…能够或者者做某事(注重三个句型有一些时刻能够交换)
He is so young that he can′t go to school.= He is too young to go to school.
= He isn′t old enough to go to school.
Unit 2 How often do you exercise?
本单元的话题议论生涯习性，温习一样平常现在时呢。
本单元的语法1.温习一样平常现在时;2.学习表现频率副词的用法呢。
主要频率副词的品级排序always(总是) > usually (一样平常) > often(经常) > sometimes(有一些时刻) > hardly ever(很少) > never(从不)
这些副词在句子中的职位，一样平常放在助动词.be动词或者神志动词以后，行-动动词以前呢。即“行呢”前“助(系)呢”后呢。 Peter is always late for school. Peter入学总是晚点呢。
I usually do my homework in the evening. 我一样平常在夜晚做作业呢。
提 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词，用 How often
I watch TV every day.我每一天都看电视→How often do you watch TV?(你多长时刻看一次电视?)
本单元的短语和学点
1.on weekends在周末 go to the movies去看电影 help with housework帮-助做家务 how often多久一次 hardly ever全部从不
2.once a week每一周一次 twice a week每一周两次 every day每一天 use the Internet用网络
be free得空 Are you free on weekends?你周末得空吗?
4.stay up late熬夜at least最少go to bed early早点睡觉play sports举行行-动
5.after school 下学后 6.want sth必-要某物 He wants a new pen.他要一支新钢笔呢。
want to do sth:想做某事 He wants to watch TV after school.下学后他想去看电视呢。
want sb to do sth:让某人做某事 My mother wants me get up early.妈妈让我早起呢。
7.be good for对……有利益 be bad for 对……损伤处
8. play computer games打电子 go camping去野营 9.ask sb about sth某人某事 My parents often ask me about my study.我的父母经常我的学习情形呢。
10. in one's spare time在某人业余时刻He studies English in his spare time.11.(P13，2b)呢”数字+percent of+名词呢”做主语时，以后的单词取决于名词的情形呢。若名词为复数，以后的动词用复数形势;若名词为单数或者不行数名词，以后的动词用单数形势呢。
In our class ,twenty of students are boys. Thirty of water is dirty.
12.not…at all:一点儿也不 (not组成否认句)I don't like the movie at all.
13.go online上网=surf the Internet 14.the answer to+名词…的谜底
16.the (best) way to do sth: 做某事的(最好)办法
The best way to learn English is speaking English.学习英语的最好方法是说英语.
17.such as好比 (后跟名词或者名词短语)for example 比如(后跟句子)
He likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so on.他喜欢水果，比如苹果.香蕉等呢。
He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he often listens to tapes.
19.more than (=over)凌驾，过剩 go to the dentist去看牙医
Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.
本单元的话题议论东西对比，学习形容词对比级呢。
本单元的语法学习形容词对比级呢。(语法见书籍第113页至115页)
本单元的短语和学点
1.play+the +乐器 play the drums打鼓 对比play +类 play basketball打篮
both…and…两者都(以后的动词用复数形势) Both Tom and Jim are students.
3.be good at+名词\代词\V ing:善于，在某方方面面做得好
7.be like:像… The books are like friends.书像同伴呢。
8.make friends (with sb)(和某人)交同伴 enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事
9.be different from与…区别 My brother is different from me.我弟弟与我不一样呢。
10.help sb to (do) sth:帮-助某人做某事
常与help sb with sth(在某方方面面帮-助某人)交换 He often helps me (to) learn English.他经常帮-助我学习英语呢。= He often helps me with my English.他经常在英语方方面面帮-助我呢。
help (to) do sth:帮-助做某事He often helps( to)cook at home.他经常在家帮-助做饭呢。
13.be good with sb:与某人相处很好 14.information (n.新闻，信息)不行数名词
Unit 4 What's the best movie theater?
本单元的话题议论东西对比， 学习形容词和副词的最高级呢。
本单元的语法学习形容词和副词的最高级呢。
本单元的短语和学点
1.welcome to+地址迎接来到某地 Welcome to our school.迎接来我校呢。
2.What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?你以为怎样?
3.watch sb do sth:看见某人做了某事(= see sb do sth )
4.对比级别 +and+对比级越发…(若对比级为more+形容词本级，则为more and more形容词本级)The buildings are taller and taller. Our school is getting more and more beautiful.
5.around the world全世界=all over the world, such as 比如
Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?
本单元的话题议论自己对天使节-目或者电影的喜欢，懂得讲明自己的感受呢。
本单元的语法温习一样平常现在时呢。
本单元的短语和学点
1. What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?你以为…怎样?
What do you think of the movie?你以为这部电影怎样? It is boring.很无聊呢。
2.mind doing sth:介意做某事 3. news (不行数名词，新闻，信息) a piece of good news一条好新闻 4.learn (sth) from sb:向某人学习(某物) 5.plan to do sth:谋划做某事(plan的以前式planned,现在分词planning) 6.hope to do sth:希望做某事
8.favorite (形容词，最喜好的)= like…best
My favorite shows are talk shows.我最喜欢的节-目是谈话节-目呢。=I like talk shows best.
9.expect to do sth:希望做某事 10.think of以为，想起He often thinks of his teachers. 11.in the 1930s:在两十世纪三十年月(1930年至1939年)
10.12.one of +可数名词复数…之一(该短语放在句首做主语时，以后的动词用单数形势)One of the students has an English dictionary.这些學生中一私人有英语字典呢。
14.luck(名词，幸运,运气)—lucky(形容词,幸运的)--unlucky (形容词,可怜的)
15.be ready to do sth愿意做某事 16.try one's best (to do sth):尽心尽力(做某事)
Unit6 Im going to study computer science.
本单元的话题议论自己未来的谋划或者计划呢。
本单元的语法学习一样平常未来时be going to do sth呢。
本单元的短语和学点
1.词性转换science (名词，科-学)—scientist(名词，科-学家)
violin(名词，小提琴)--violinst(名词，小提琴家)piano(名词，钢琴)-- pianist(名词，钢琴家)2.grow up发展，长大 3.be good at+名词\代词\动词+ing:善于… He is good at math,but he isn't good at speaking English.他善于数学，可是不善于说英语呢。
4.keep on doing sth: 连续做某事 5.be sure about:确信，对…有掌握
His mother isn't sure about his study.他的妈妈对他的学习有无掌握呢。
6. move to +地址搬(家)到某地 7. take singing\acting lessons上歌唱课\上演出课=have singing\acting lessons 8. send sb sth = send sth to sb寄\送给某人某物
His grandfather often sends him money呢。= His grandfather often sends money to him.
9. learn to do sth懂得做某事
10. play the piano弹钢琴 make the soccer team组建队 get good grades获取好的成就 eat healthier food吃更安康的食物 get lots of exercise举行大量磨炼
11. foreign language其余国家语言 12. study hard勤奋学习 most of the time大大部-分时刻
14. get back from+地址从…回来 He will get back from Beijing in 3 days.
at the beginning of 在…最先的时刻, write down写下/记下，
17. different kinds of区别种类的 have to do with关于，与…有关系,take up最先从事
20. too+形容词+to do sth太…以致于不行以…
so+形容词+that+句子这样…以致于…
形容词+enough to do sth足够…能够或者者做某事(注重三个句型有一些时刻能够相互转换)
He is so young that he can′t go to school.他这样年轻以致于不行以去入学呢。
= He is too young to go to school.他太年轻了以致于不行以去入学呢。
= He isn′t old enough to go to school.
22.make sb+形容词让某人怎样 The good news made us happy.(注重news为不行数名词)
23.how to do better at school为“不明确的场所词+不定式呢”即“不明确的场所词+to do sth呢”
He didn't know when to start.他不知道什么时刻最先呢。 24.go to university去上大-学
Unit 7 Will people have robots?
本单元的话题议论对以后的语言，学习一样平常未来时will do sth呢。
本单元的语法学习一样平常未来时will do sth呢。
一样平常未来时由“助动词will / shall + 动词本型呢”组成，表现未来某个时刻要发生的动做或者存在的状态，常与表现未来的时刻状语如tomorrow.next week，in 2 days(2天以后)等连用呢。(Shall用于第一人称，will能够用于种种人称呢。) (will not= won't)
一样平常不明确的场所句把一定句中的will 提到句首即可呢。以上两句的一样平常不明确的场所句为
Will you visit the old man next week? Yes,we will.\No, we won't .
否认句把一定句中的will 变成won't即可呢。以上两句的否认句为
We won't visit the old man next week. She won't finish the work in 2 weeks.
本单元的短语和学点
1.There be结构There be(is/are/was/were)+某物/某人+某地/某时
“There be结构呢”的一样平常现在时There is/are+某物/某人+某地/某时
There are 600 students in our school.在咋们学堂有600个學生呢。
一样平常以前时There was/were+某物/某人+某地/某时 There was a school ten years ago.
一样平常未来时There will be+某物/某人+某地/某时.= There is going to be+某物/某人+某地/某时. There will be a sport meeting next week.=There is going to be a sport meeting next weeek.下周将有场行-动会呢。 2.on computers在电脑上, on paper在纸上
3.a few +可数名词复数有一些.有几个 a little +不行数名词有一些
few +可数名词复数全部有无(表现否认) little+不行数名词全部有无(表现否认)
many+可数名词复数许多，许多 few 的对比级是fewer ,little的对比级是less
much+不行数名词许多，许多 many\much的对比级全是more
There will be less polution in the future.在以后将会有更少的污浊呢。(polution为不行数名词)
We should plant more trees.咋们应当种更多的树呢。(tree为可数名词)
There will be fewer cars in the future.在以后将会有更少的汽车呢。(car为可数名词)
4.in(great)danger在(极端)危险中on the earth在地上save the earth救命地
6.in+一段时刻在…以后(多用于一样平常未来时)
He will come back in 2 days.两天以后他将回来呢。→How soon will he come back?多久他将回来?
句型 There is\are sb doing sth.有某人现在做某事呢。 There is a cat eating fish.
10. hundreds of+名词成千盈百的…，许多…(表现隐约数字)
数字+ hundred +名词几百…(表现详细数字)
He has hundreds of book.他有许多书呢。He bought two hundred books.他买了两百本书呢。
12.at some point: 在某些方方面面 free time空闲时刻 in one's free time在某人空闲时刻
Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?
本单元的话题描写做事情的顺着纪律和历程呢。(First一最先的时刻,Next下面,Then然后,Finally最终)
本单元的语法温习一样平常现在时呢。
本单元的短语和学点
1(P57,1a) turn on掀开 turn up调大
turn off关上 turn down调小
2. How many+可数名词复数几多…
How much+不行数名词几多…
He has eight books.他有八本书呢。→How many books does he have?他有几多本书?
3. 量词的用法不行数名词经常使用“数字+量词+不行数名词呢”来表现呢。如
a piece of bread一所有包 对比two pieces of bread双方都相同面包(bread为不行数名词)
a glass of orange 一玻璃杯橘子汁 one spoon of butter 一勺黄油
5.one more thing = another one thing 基数词 + more + 名词 = another + 基数词 + 名词又几多某物 He ate an apple,he wanted to eat two more apples.
7.It's time (for sb) to do sth是某人该做某事的时刻了呢。It's time for us to have lunch.
It's time for sth是该做某事的时刻了呢。It's time for the class.是该上课的时刻了呢。
Unit 9 Can you come to my party?
本单元的话题懂得发出.吸收或者谢绝约请呢。 本单元的语法温习神志动词呢。
本单元的短语和学点
1.on Saturday afternoon 在星期六下午，在详细哪一天的是早上.下午或者夜晚用on,
2. have to 必须(后跟动词本形)He has to get up early.他必须早起呢。→(一样平常不明确的场所句)Does he get up early? Yes,he does.\No,he doesn't.
(否认句)He doesn't have to get up early.他有无必-要早起呢。
4. sth=want sth 要某物 Jim would like a new pen .
Would like to do sth=want to do sth想做某事 He'd like to watch TV.
Would you like to do sth ? 你宁愿做?(用来提出建议或者乞求对方看法)
------would you like to go shopping with me ? 你想和我一块去买东-西吗?
------Yes,I'd love to ，but I'm doing my homework.我想去,可是我现在现在做全家作业呢。
(=Sorry, I'm doing my homework.十分抱-歉，我现在做全家作业呢。)
5.prepare for sth为…做准备 go to the doctor去看病have the flu 患流感help my parents给父母帮助 have an exam审核
6. until 的用法:若动词为连续性动词则用一定句式
He studied until 21:00pm.他不停学习到夜晚九点呢。
若动词为非连续性动词，则用not….until….(直到呢。呢。才呢。呢。)
He didn't go to bed until his father came back.他不停到他父亲回来才上床睡觉呢。
10.study for a math test为数学审核做准备go to the party参与聚会
11.What's today?今天几号?Its Monday,the 14th.今天星期一，十四号呢。
添补what day is it today?今天星期几? it's Monday今天星期一呢。
What's the date today?今天几月几日?It's October 20th .今天10月20日呢。
12.go to the doctor去看病 have a piano lesson上钢琴课
13.look after 照看，照料 = take care of
She is old to look after his brother他足够大了能够或者者照看他的弟弟呢。
take good care of =look after…well好好照料，好好照料
We should take good care of the children.= We should look after the children well.
叹息句的种别
⑴ What a∕an+adj+可数名词单数 (+主语+谓语)麽！
What +adj+可数名词复数∕不行数名词 (+主语+谓语)麽！
What a fine day (it is) 麽！非常好的天麽！ (day为可数名词单数)
What an interesting book it is 麽！非常意义的一本书麽！(book为可数名词单数)
What beautiful flowers they are 麽！非常美丽 的花麽！ (flowers为可数名词复数)
What bad weather it is麽！非常倒霉的天气麽！(weather为不行数名词)
⑵ How +adj +主语+(谓语中的)系动词麽！ How +adv +主语+(谓语中的)实义动词麽！
How happy I am麽！我多麽开心麽！ (happy为adj,am为系动词)
How hard they are working 麽！你们工做非常勤奋麽！(hard为adv,work为实义动词)
点拨述说句改为叹息句，能够采用“一判.两定.三移呢”呢。
一判是推断出述说句谓语动词后的中心词的词性(adj∕adv∕n);
两定是依照推断进去的结局来一定指导词(中心词为名词用What;中心词为形容词或者副词用How;)
三移即是把主语和谓语移到以后呢。
注重在叹息句中，不得出-现so,very，very much等表现水平的单词呢。
比如①Our school is beautiful .
一判beautiful为形容词;两定beautiful为形容词，用How 来指导;三移把Our school is移到How beautiful以后，即为叹息句How beautiful our school is麽！
②He is a clever boy.
一判boy为名词;两定boy为名词，用What来指导;三移把He is移到What a clever boy 以后，即为叹息句What a clever boy he is麽！
③He studies English well.
一判well为副词;两定well为副词，用How 来指导;三移把He studies移到How well以后，即为叹息句How well he studies麽！
训练将以下句子变成叹息句呢。①The room is very bright.
② We live a happy life today. ③It is a nice present.
④This is difficult problem. ⑤She played the piano wonderfully.
16.)the (best) way to do sth:做某事的(最好)办法 17.thanks for+名词\V•ing:为什么而谢谢 18.take a trip参与旅游，at the end of this month在本月尾
19.go back to+地址回到某地 He will go back to Beijing in 2 days.两天后他将回北京呢。
20.have a surprise party for sb为某人举行一位欣喜的晚会
21.without+名词\代词\ V•ing有无… He can't finish the work without our help.(help为名词)
He went to school without having breakfast.他有无吃早饭就去入学呢。(have为动词)
24.look forward to +名词\代词\V.ing希望，希望
25.hear from sb.收到某人的来信 = receive a letter from sb.
27.the opening of… 开幕/开张
28.在详细哪一天的早上.下午.夜晚用on,对比
in the morning在清早 on Sunday morning在星期天的清早
29.invite sb to +地址:约请某人去某地(invite -- invitation ) invite sb to do sth 约请某人做某事
31.reply to sth / sb回覆某事/回覆某人 go shopping 购物，do homework做全家作业
Unit 10 If you go to the party, you'll have a great time麽！
本单元的话题议论事情应该的结局呢。
本单元的语法在条件状语从句中，用一样平常现在时表现未来——即主将从现呢。
If you go to the party, we will have a great time
从句(一样平常现在时) (主句一样平常未来时)
诠释在条件状语从句，时刻状语从句中，若主句用一样平常未来时，从句则用一样平常现在时表现未来-------简称主将从现
If it is fine tomorrow,I'll visit shanghai
分辩:宾语从句若主句为一样平常现在时，从句能够依照必-要用任什么时候态
I think I呢”ll finish the work in 2 days. 我以为我在两天内将完结这项工做呢。
主句(一样平常现在时) 宾语从句
填空I think she (come)here tomorrow. If he (come )here,I (call)you.
本单元的短语和学点
1.have a great /good time 玩的开心
2.stay at home呆在家里 take the bus乘公交车
3.go to the party参与晚会 tomorrow night再过一天夜晚
4.talk about sth议论某事
5.have a class party开班级晚会 have a class meeting 开班会
6.plan to do sth谋划做某事 They are planning to go shopping.你们现在谋划购物呢。
7.(P74,2b)half the class 全班一半人,make some food 做食物
8.ask sb. to do sth 请某人做某事My parents often ask me to study hard.
9.ask sb. not to do sth 请某人不-要做某事 My techer often asks us not to be late.
10.too+形容词+to do sth太…以致于不行以…
so+形容词+that+句子这样…以致于…
形容词+enough to do sth足够…能够或者者做某事(注重三个句型经常能够交换转换)
He is so young that he can′t go to school.他这样年轻以致于不行以去入学呢。
= He is too young to go to school.他太年轻了以致于不行以去入学呢。
= He isn′t old enough to go to school.
11.tell sb. to do sth 高速某人做某事 tell sb. not to do sth 通知某人不-要做某事
12.give sb some advice给某人建议/劝说 (adivce为不行数名词)
13.travel around the world 周游世界, go to college 上大-学，
make(a lot of)money 挣, get an education吸收教育 ，
14.work hard 勤奋工做，a soccer player 一位行-动-员
15.talk to sb.与某人谈话，keep…to oneself 把…留给自己/独处
16.have problems with sth:在某方方面面有难题 have problems (in)doing sth:做方方面面有难题 (两个句型经常能够交换)
She has problems with English.他在学习英语方方面面有难题呢。
= She has problems (in) learning English.他学习英语有难题呢。
17.unless=if…not如果…不 Unless it is sunny tomorrow,I won't go shopping.=If it isn't sunny tomorrow,I won't go shopping.
18.be afraid to do sth:不敢做某事be afraid of sth:惧怕某物
19.be angry with sb生某人的气He is angry with his son.他在生他孩子的气呢。
be angry about\at sth 因某事而生气He is angry about\at his work.他由于工做生气呢。
20.make mistakes出过错
21.remember to do sth记着去做某事(事情还未做)
remember doing sth记着以前做过某事(事情做完，可是还记着)
Please remember to close the door when you leave.当你离开的时刻记着关上门呢。(门还未关).
He remembered closing the door.他记着以前关上门了呢。(门以前关上)
22.advise sb to do sth劝说某人做某事 advise sb doing建议建议做某事呢。
23.It's best (not)to do sth. 最好(不-要)做某事
24.run away from逃避Don't run away from your problems.
25.solve a problem处置难题的题目
26.agree with sb:赞成某人(的看法.看法.看法等)
27.worry about 担忧 =be worried about
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