Module 1
单词
academic [,ækə'demik] adj. 学术的
province ['prɒvins] n. 省
enthusiastic [in,θju:zi'æstik] adj.热心的,
amazing [ə'meiziŋ] adj.使人受惊的;使人赞叹的
information [,infə'meiʃən] n. 新闻
website [ web’sait] n.网站;网址
brilliant ['briljənt] adj.(书面语)极好的
comprehension [,kɒmpri'henʃən] n. 领会,发会
instruction [in'strʌkʃən] n.(常做复数)指点;声明
method ['meθəd] n. 办法
bored ['bɒ: d] adj.憎恶的;厌倦的
embarrassed [im'bærəst] adj.尴尬的;尴尬的;穷困的
attitude ['ætitju:d] n. 态度
behaviour [bi'heivjə] n. 行-动; 行为
previous ['pri:viəs] adj.以前的;以前的
description [di'skripʃən] n.记叙; 描写
amazed [ə'meizd] adj. 受惊的;赞叹的
embarrassing [im'bærəsiŋ] adj.使人尴尬的;使人尴尬的
technology [tek'nɒlədʒi] n. 技术
impress [im'pres] vt.使印象深刻
correction [kə'rekʃən] n. 纠正;纠正
encouragement [in'kʌridʒmənt] n. 激励;激励
enjoyment [in'dʒɒimənt] n.享用;兴趣
fluency ['flu:ənsi] n.流通;流通
misunderstanding [,misʌndə'stændiŋ] n. 误解
disappointed [,disə'pɒintid] adj. 缺少信心的
disappointing [,disə'pɒintiŋ] adj.使人缺少信心的
system ['sistəm] n. 制度;体制;体制
teenager ['ti:nidʒə] n.少年
disappear [,disə'piə] vi. 消逝
move [mu:v] adj.搬迁
assistant [ə'sistənt] n. 助手, 助理
cover ['kʌvə] vt.包罗
diploma [di'pləumə] n. 文凭, 结业证书
Phrase短语
in other words 换句话说
look forward to 希望;希望
at the start of 在……最先的时刻
at the end of 在……结尾的时刻
go to college 上大-学
be divided into 被(划)分红……
take part in 参与
语法概括
一样平常现在时.现在举行时.-ing形容词和-ed形容词的用法
考点一、一样平常现在时的用法
1.表现经常性.习性性的动做啦。句中常出-现often, usually, sometimes, always, every day等状语啦。
▶ He goes to school at seven o'clock every day. 他每一天七点去入学啦。
▶ She always takes a walk in the evening. 他常在晚间漫步啦。
▶ We always care about and help each other. 咋们总是相互体贴.相互帮-助啦。
2.表现普遍的真理.科-学现实，也用在名言中啦。
▶ Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音流传得快啦。
▶ Actions speak louder than words. 行-动比语言越发嘹喨啦。
3.在时刻状语从句和条件状语从句中，平时用一样平常现在时期替一样平常未来时啦。
▶ When I graduate, I'll go back to the countryside. 我结业后将回乡村啦。
▶ They won't come to see us if it rains next Sunday. 如果下周日下雨，你们就不会来看咋们了啦。
4.表现按划定或者时刻表将要发生的动做，仅限于一点点动词，如begin, leave, go, arrive, start等啦。
▶ The meeting begins at eight. 开会八点最先啦。
▶ The train starts at nine in the morning. 火车凌晨九点启程啦。
5.表现主语的特色.性情或者谈话时的感受.状态啦。
▶ This job calls for great patience. 这项工做必-要极大的耐性啦。
▶ I feel very cold. 我感受太冷啦。
考点二、现在举行时的用法
1.表现谈话时现在举行的动做啦。常与时刻状语 now, at the moment等连用啦。
▶ I am writing a letter. Will you please turn down the radio? 我现在写信，请把收音机的音量调小一点儿，好吗?
▶ Some of the passengers are looking out of the windows at the moment. 现在一些游客正望着窗外啦。
2.表现现阶段现在举行而现在没必-要定现在举行的动做啦。常与时刻状语 these days等连用啦。
▶ She is studying law while her elder brother is studying medicine. 他学执法而他老哥学医啦。
▶ I don't really work here; I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives. 我确实不在这儿工做，我不过在新秘书来以前帮帮助而已啦。
3.表现按谋划.放置将要发生的动做啦。有此用法的动词有go, come, leave, arrive, take, return, meet等啦。
▶ Mr White is leaving for Shanghai in a few days. 几天后，怀特帅哥将起程去上海啦。
▶ We are meeting him after the performance. 咋们将在演出结尾后去见他啦。
4.表现重复发生或者习性性的动做，平时讲明某种猛烈的情感，如赞赏.遗憾.憎恶.不满等啦。常与 always, continually, constantly, forever等副词连用啦。
▶ He is always asking such simple questions. 他总是这类简易的疑啦。
▶ He is always thinking more of others than of himself. 他总是为他人思考许多，为我思考得少啦。
5.表现一种含蓄的语气啦。
hope, want, wonder等一点点动词用现在举行时讲明的语气比用一样平常现在时更含蓄啦。
▶ I'm wondering whether you like it. 我不知道你是否喜好他啦。
考点三、-ing.-ed形容词的用法
基本含意
-ing形容词平时用于表现东西或者人自身的属性，常译为“使人……的呢”，重伸的是东西或者人给人的一种感受啦。-ed形容词平时用于声明人的感受，常译为“感觉……的呢”，重伸人自身的情感颠簸啦。
▶ The interesting book attracts me. 那本心义的书吸引了我啦。
▶ The flowers on the hill are pleasing. 山上的花赏心顺眼啦。
▶ When he heard the news, he was very surprised. 当他听见这个新闻时，他感觉很受惊啦。
语法功效
-ing形容词和-ed形容词均可做定语.表语.补语和状语啦。
▶ The film was very amusing. 这部电影很可笑啦。
▶ Smith is the most experienced doctor in the hospital. 史女士是这家医院里最有经验的医生啦。
▶ She is very interested in English. 他对英语很感兴趣啦。
Module 2
单词
amusing [ə'mju:ziŋ] adj. 意义的; 可笑的
energetic [,enə'dʒetik] adj. 精神足够的
intelligent [in'telidʒənt] adj. 机灵的
nervous ['nə:vəs] adj.松张的;焦灼的
organized ['ɒ:gənaizd] adj.有组织的;有体制的
patient ['peiʃənt] adj.耐性的
serious ['siəriəs] adj. 严肃的
shy [ʃai] adj.害羞的;羞涩的
strict [strikt] a. 严酷的;严肃的
impression [im'preʃən] n. 印象
avoid [ə'vɒid] vt.(有意)避开
hate [heit] vt.憎恶;不喜好
incorrectly [,inkə'rektli] adv.不行以确地
completely [kəm'pli:tli] adv. 十分地;一切地
immediately [i'mi:diətli] adv.立刻;马上
appreciate [ə'pri:ʃieit] vt.感谢
admit [əd'mit] vt. 认可
scientific [,saiən'tifik] adj. 科-学的
literature ['litərətʃə] n. 文学
loudly ['laudli] adv. 高声地
wave [weiv] vt.挥(手);招(手)
joke [dʒəuk] n. 玩笑;玩笑
summary ['sʌməri] n.总结;简介;提要
respect [ri'spekt] vt.&n.尊重;尊重敬爱
grade [greid] n.(美)成就;分数
headmaster ['hed'mɑ:stə] n.校长
headmistress ['hed'mistris] n.女校长
period ['piəriəd] n.一段时刻
revision [ri'viʒən] n.温习
translation [træns'leiʃən] n. 翻译
timetable ['taimteibl] n. 时刻表
topic ['tɒpik] n.话题;题目
vacation [vei'keiʃən] n. 暑假
revise [ri'vaiz] vt.温习(作业)
discipline ['disiplin] n.纪律
relationship [ri'leiʃənʃip] n. 关系
formal ['fɒ:məl] adj. 正式的
relaxed [ri'lækst] adj.放松的;松懈的;宽松的
similarly ['similəli] adv.一样地，相似地
Phrase短语
make sure 一定;确信;查明;弄清晰
so that (引起表现结局的从句)因而
make progress 获取提高
as a result 结局
in fact 现实上
fall asleep 睡着
tell jokes 讲玩笑;开玩笑
语法概括
动名词做宾语
考点一、动名词做动词的宾语
罕见的后接动名词做宾语的动词(短语)
● 建议思考维持练
(suggest, advise, consider, insist on, practise)
● 允许设想弃冒险
(permit, allow, imagine, give up, risk)
● 阻止反抗否逃走
(forbid, resist, deny, escape)
● 不由介意维持完
(can't help, mind, keep, finish)
● 延迟推延求包容
(delay, put off, require, forgive, excuse)
● 认可错太开心欢
(admit, miss, appreciate, enjoy)
▶ I really enjoy chatting with them; they are very friendly. 我确实很喜好和你们闲聊，你们很友善啦。
▶ Mary is considering changing her car. 玛丽在思考换辆汽车啦。
▶ Would you mind opening the window? 你介意掀开窗户吗?
▶ I suggest going out for a moment to have a rest after studying for one hour. 我建议在学习一小时以后进去一下子，休息一下啦。
考点二、动名词做介词的宾语
动名词常在以下搭配的介词后做宾语
be good at 善于 dream of 愿望
be used to 习性于 object to 阻挡
look forward to 希望 be accustomed to 习性于
get down to 最先做 take advantage of 使用
▶ I have been looking forward to hearing from you. 我一直希望着收到你的来信啦。
▶ I'm not used to eating so much at lunchtime. 我不习性午饭吃那么多啦。
▶ I get down to thinking about that essay. 我最先思索那篇短文啦。
考点三、后跟动名词和不定式做宾语的动词(短语)
1.有一些动词(短语)后跟动名词和不定式做宾语时意义差异太大啦。这类动词(短语)有
▶ go on doing sth. 连续做统一件事
go on to do sth. 接着做另一件事
▶ forget doing sth. 遗忘做过某事
forget to do sth. 遗忘要做某事
▶ try doing sth. 试着做某事
try to do sth. 尽心尽力做某事
▶ remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
remember to do sth. 记得要做某事
▶ mean to do sth. 打看成某事
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
▶ —The light in the office is still on. 办公室的灯仍亮着啦。
—Oh, I forgot to turn it off. 哦，我遗忘关了啦。
2. want, need, require后跟动名词的努力形势表现无奈意义，十分于后面跟动词不定式的无奈式啦。
▶ The roof needs repairing(= needs to be repaired). 屋顶必-要修补了啦。
3. begin和start后既可接动名词又可接动词不定式做宾语，意义差异不大，但在以下三种情形下，后面只接动词不定式做宾语
①主语是物时啦。
②begin和start自身用于举行时态时啦。
③begin和start后接表现心里状态或者精神行-动的动词(如think, realize, understand等)时啦。
▶ Hearing what you have said, I am beginning to feel better. 听了你的话，我逐步以为好些了啦。
4. like, love, hate等动词后接动名词时，表现一种习性或者偏护;接不定式时，表现一次特定的或者详细的动做啦。
▶ I love traveling, and I love to visit Brazil. 我喜好游览，我喜好去巴西游览啦。
Module 3
单词
helicopter ['helikɒptə] n.直升飞机
motorbike ['məutə, baik] n.摩托车
tram [træm] n.电车
distance ['distəns] n. 差异
abandoned [ə'bændənd] adj.被抛弃的
camel ['kæml] n. 骆驼
cassette [kæ'set] n.录音带
desert ['dezət] n. 沙漠
diamond ['daiəmənd] n. 钻石
expert ['ekspə:t] n. 专家
midnight ['midnait] n. 夜晚
product ['prɒdʌkt] n. 成品
scenery ['si:nəri] n. 景物; 景致
shoot [ʃu:t] vt.(shot,shot)射杀
soil [sɒil] n. 土壤
journey ['dʒə:ni] n. 旅程
train [trein] vt. 训练
circus ['sə:kəs] n. 马戏团
seaside ['si:said] n. 海滨
stadium ['steidiəm] n. 运动场-地;运动场
eagle ['i:gl] n. 鹰
frighten ['fraitn] vt.是受惊;惊吓
kindergarten ['kində,gɑ:tn] n.幼儿园
apartment [ə'pɑ:tmənt] n.(美)公寓;单元衡宇
cartoon [kɑ:'tu:n] n. 卡通;漫画
interview ['intəvju:] n.面试;面谈
interviewer ['intəvju:ə] n.(面试时的)主考官;面谈者
event [i'vent] n. 事情
exhausted [ig'zɒ:stid] adj.疲劳不胜的
downtown ['daun'taun] adj.商业区的;市中心的
vacuum [`'vækjuəm] n. 真空; 空缺
rail [reil] n.铁轨
ceremony ['seriməni] n.仪式
track [træk] n. 轨道
souvenir [,su:və'niə] n. 纪念品
Phrase短语
get on 上(车.船等)
get off 下(车.船等)
get into 上(车)
get out of 下(车)
take off(飞机)升空
be short for 是……的缩写/简称
not …any more 再也不
our of date 逾期
refer to 指的是
语法概括
以前分词(短语)做定语.一样平常以前时的时刻状语
考点一、以前分词(短语)做定语
1.前置定语单个以前分词做定语时，平时置于被装托词以前啦。
▶ the developed countries 发-达国家
▶ We only sell used books. 咋们只卖两手书啦。
2.后置定语单个以前分词有一些时刻也可置于被装托词以后;以前分词短语做定语时要后置啦。
▶ Don't use words or expressions known only to people with specific knowledge. 不-要运用拥有希奇学的人材能懂的单词或者词组啦。
3.以前分词短语做后置定语时能够扩张成一位定语从句啦。
▶ the color TV produced last year = the color TV which/that was produced last year 去年生产的色电视机
▶ a letter written to me by my daughter = a letter which/that was written to me by my daughter 一封我千金写给我的信
4.以前分词做定语的时态和语态意义啦。
(1)及物动词的以前分词做定语平时能够表现无奈和完结，即从语态方方面面说，被装托词一样平常为以前分词所表现的动做的蒙受者，从时态方方面面说，分词所表现的动做平时以前完结啦。
▶ the question discussed yesterday 近来讨论的疑
▶ the person killed last year 去年被杀的人
▶ He was then a teacher respected by all the students. 那时他是一位受所有學生尊重的导师啦。
(2)不及物动词的以前分词做定语时仅表现完结啦。
▶ fallen leaves 落叶
▶ faded flowers 干枯的花
5.以前分词做定语与现在分词/不定式做定语的区分啦。
现在分词做定语表现努力和动做现在举行;以前分词做定语表现无奈和动做以前完结;不定式做定语时有两种情形①与其所装饰的词之中经常有思维上的动宾关系;②十分于一位定语从句，讲明动做马上发生啦。
▶ China is a developing country, not a developed country. 祖国-事一位进展祖国家，而不-是一位发-达国家啦。
▶ He is a pleasant fellow to work with. 他是个很好同事的人啦。
▶ The man to come to our assistance is Mike. 要来帮-助咋们的人是Mike啦。
考点二、一样平常以前时的时刻状语
1.一样平常以前时表现以前的某一时刻刻或者者某一段时刻内发生的动做或者存在的状态时，常与yesterday, the day before yesterday, at one time, in 2014, in the past, last night, last year, last week, just now, when…等表现时刻点/段的状语(从句)连用啦。
▶ Last night we went to enjoy a good performance. 近整天晚咋们去看了一场不错的演出啦。
▶ We went to New York last year. 去年咋们去了纽约啦。
▶ He left the classroom just now. 他适才离开了课堂啦。
2.一样平常以前时表现以前习性性的动做时，平时与every…，…ago，in/during…，when…等表现时刻段的状语(从句)或者表现频度的时刻状语连用啦。
▶ He smoked a lot five years ago. 五年前他吸烟很利害啦。
▶ We went to school together when we were children and so we saw each other every day. 咋们小时刻一同入学，因而咋们每一天都见面啦。
3.只管有一些句子有无明确的表现以前的时刻状语，但可依照语境推断动做发生在以前啦。
▶ I didn't know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎啦。
▶ I thought you were ill. 我以为你得病了啦。
Module 4
单词
survey [sə'vei] n. 视察
neighbourhood n.四邻
local ['ləukəl] adj.场所的;部-分的
suburb ['sʌbə:b] n.城郊;郊野
hometown [həum'taun] n.家乡
attractive [ə'træktiv] adj.有吸引力的;吸引起人的
fortunate ['fɒ:tʃənit] adj.幸运的;平安的
pretty ['priti] adv.很;十分
sound [saund] vi.听起身
tourist ['tuərist]n.游览者;旅行客
bother ['bɒðə] vt.打扰;烦扰;难题
nuisance ['nju:sns] n.使人憎恶的人或者事
rent [rent] n. 租金
district ['distrikt] n.地域;地域;行政区
approach [ə'prəutʃ] vt. 靠近
harbour n.海港
gorgeous ['gɒ:dʒəs] adj.美丽 的;恼人的
architecture ['ɑ:kitektʃə] n. 建-筑
starve [stɑ:v] vi.饿死
park [pɑ:k] vt. 停车
traffic ['træfik] n. 交通
committee [kə'miti] n. 委员会
organization ['ɒ:gənai'zʃən] n.组织
unemployed [,ʌnim'plɒid] adj.被开除的;有无工做的
household ['haushəuld] n.家属;亲属
occupation [,ɒkju'peiʃən] n. 职业
professional [prə'feʃənl] adj.专注的
manual ['mænjuəl] adj.用手的;手的
employment [im'plɒimənt] n.失业;工做;职业
gallery ['gæləri] n.美术馆;画廊
exchange [iks'tʃeindʒ] vt. 调换
fascinating ['fæsineitiŋ] adj. 诱人的, 吸引起人的
afford [ə'fɒ:d] vt. 买得起;有才气支出
survive [sə'vaiv] vi.绝处逢生;劫后余生
contact ['kɒntækt] vt.联系;联系(某人)
Phrase短语
put up 营建
so far 到现在为止
up to now 到现在为止
till now 到现在为止
get away from 挣脱
go up 上升
a great many 许多;大量
a number of 许多;大量(谓语动词要用复数)
the number of ……的数目(谓语动词要用单数)
语法概括
现在完结时的用法
考点一、现在完结时的用法
1.现在完结时的组成
have/has +以前分词
2.现在完结时的用法
(1)现在完结时表现以前发生或者完结的某个动做对现在发生的影响或者酿成的结局，重伸的是这个影响或者结局，常同yet, already, just, before, lately等时刻状语连用啦。
▶ I have just turned off the light. 我刚刚把灯关上啦。(结局是灯以前被关上了)
▶ I have already read the book. 我已读过这本书了啦。(结局是我已知道这本书的内容了)
(2)表现最先于以前.连续到现在并应该连续下去的动做或者状态，常同these days, recently, so far, "for+时刻段"和"since+时刻点"连用啦。
▶ It has rained a lot these days. 这些天多雨啦。
▶ She has taught in the school for ten years. 他在这所学堂教书以前10年了啦。
▶ I haven't eaten anything since breakfast. 我从早饭时刻到现在一直有无吃东-西啦。
(3)在条件.时刻状语从句中表现未来完结的动做啦。
▶ Don't get off the bus until it has stopped. 直到公交车停下才气卸车啦。
▶ He will come as soon as he has finished his work. 他一做完工做就会来啦。
3.现在完结时的两个经常使用句型
(1)在"That/This/It is the
first/second/third/time (that)从句"句型中，从句要用现在完结时啦。
▶ It's the second time that I have met her today. 这是我今天第两次遇见他了啦。
(2)在"It+be+一段时刻+since从句"句型中，主句经常使用现在完结时(也能够或者者用一样平常现在时)啦。
▶ It is/has been six years since I came here. 我来这儿以前六年了啦。
4.现在完结时的时刻状语
(1)现在完结时不行以与以前某一详细的时刻连用，如yesterday, last+时刻名词，时刻名词+ago等啦。
(2)现在完结时平时和以前不明确的时刻副词连用，如already, often, never, ever, always, so far, up to now, till now等啦。
考点二、现在完结时与一样平常以前时的区分
现在完结时重伸以前发生的动做发生的结局或者对现在酿成的影响，落脚点在现在啦。
一样平常以前时着重声明动做发生在以前，重伸遣做自身，落脚点在以前啦。
试对比
▶ She has lived in Paris for twenty years. 他在巴黎住了20年了啦。(应该刚搬走，也应该连续住下去)
▶ She lived in Paris for twenty years. 他在巴黎住了20年啦。(现在以前不在那里住了)
Module 5
单词
liquid ['likwid] n. 液体
expand [ik'spænd] vi.膨胀
contract ['kɒntrækt] vi.缩短
substance ['sʌbstəns] n. 物质
mixture ['mikstʃə] n.混淆物
oxygen ['ɒksədʒən] n. 氧气
electricity [,ilek'trisiti] n. 电
stage [steidʒ] n. 阶段;时期
conclusion [kən'klu:ʒən] n. 结局
aim [eim] n. 目的;目的
reaction [ri'ækʃən] n. 反映
electrical [i'lektrikəl] adj.与电有关的;用电的
equipment [i'kwipmənt] n. 装备;装配
react [ri'ækt] vi.(化学)反映
potassium n. 钾
sodium ['səudiəm] n. 钠
calcium ['kælsiəm] n. 钙
magnesium [mæg'ni:ziəm] n. 镁
aluminium [,ælju'miniəm] n. 铝
zinc [ziŋk] n. 锌
partial ['pɑ:ʃəl] adj.部-分的;部-分的
copper ['kɒpə] n. 铜
oxide ['ɒksaid] n. 氧化物
rust [rʌst] vi. 生锈
boil [bɒil] vt.生锈
ordinary ['ɒ:dinəri] adj. 普通的;平时的
steam [sti:m] n. 蒸汽;水气
float [fləut] vi.漂浮
form [fɒ:m] vi.造成
dissolve [di'zɒlv] vt. 熔解;分-解;分散
balance ['bæləns] n.天平
crucible ['kru:sibl] n. 坩锅
tongs [tɒŋz] (复)夹子;小钳子
flame [fleim] n. 火焰
facility [fə'siliti] n.(常做复数)装备;器械
lecture ['lektʃə] n. 讲演
department [di'pɑ:tmənt] n.(大-学的)科.系
astonished [ə'stɒniʃt] adj.受惊的;恐慌的
Phrase短语
add…to… 往……参与……
used to 以前(经常)……
in the area of 在……领域
be proud of 为……感觉自豪/自豪
be supposed to 应当;应当
语法概括
形容词和副词的对比品级
考点一、倍数讲明法
1.倍数+as+形容词/副词本级+as…
▶ Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大啦。
▶ The dining room is twice as big as the kitchen. 餐厅是厨房的两倍大啦。
2.倍数+形容词/副词对比级+than…
▶ Our school is twice bigger than yours. 咋们学堂是你们学堂的两倍大啦。
3.倍数+the+名词(size，height，length，width，etc.)+of…
▶ The new building is three times the height of the old one. 这坐新楼是那坐旧楼的三倍高啦。
▶ This stone bridge is twice the length of the wood one. 这坐石桥是那坐木桥的两倍长啦。
4.倍数+as many/much+名词+as…
▶ He has got three times as many books as his younger sister. 他的书比他妹妹的多两倍啦。
5.倍数+what从句
▶ The price of the house this year is twice what it was last year. 今年的房价是去年房价的两倍啦。
6. increase/fall等增减性动词+by+倍数
▶ Compared with last year, our coal output has increased by three times. 与去年对比，咋们的煤产量增添了三倍啦。
7.倍数+compared with+被对比对-象
▶ The number of the students in our school has increased by four times compared with 1980. 咋们学堂的學生人数比 1980 年增添了四倍啦。
考点二、形容词/副词对比级的基本用法
本级对比
(1)"as+形容词/副词本级+as"表现"和……一样……"，其否认形势为"not as/so+形容词/副词本级+as"啦。
▶ He runs as fast as I. 他跑得和我一样快啦。
▶ Li Hua doesn't draw as/so well as Liu Fang. 李华画画不妨刘芳好啦。
(2)as+adj.+n.+as
▶ I have as many books as Tom. 我有和汤姆一样多的书啦。
▶ Sam drank as much coffee as Mary. 萨姆跟玛丽喝的咖啡一样多啦。
对比级的罕见句式
"形容词/副词对比级+than"意为"比……更……"啦。
▶ Yao Ming is taller than Michael Jordan. 姚明比迈克尔·乔丹高啦。
▶ She speaks louder than her mother. 他比他妈妈谈话声音大啦。
对比级的装托词
形容词和副词的对比级能够用水平副词来装饰，罕见的这类副词(词组)有a bit, a little, far, much, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even等啦。
▶ The girl has made far greater progress than her classmates. 这个女孩的提高比他同学的大许多啦。
▶ Are you feeling any better today? 你今天感受好点儿了吗?
考点三、对比级的罕见结构
1."对比级+and+对比级"/"more and more+本级"表现"越发……"啦。
▶ It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了，天气越发温顺了啦。
▶ Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 咋们的学堂越发美丽 了啦。
2. "the+对比级(+主语+谓语), the+对比级(+主语+谓语)"表现"越……，越……"啦。
▶ The sooner, the better. 越快越好啦。
3. "the+对比级+of the two …"表现"两者中较……的那一位"啦。
▶ She is the taller of the two sisters. 他是姐妹俩中较高的那一位啦。
4. "否认词+对比级"表现最高级含意啦。
▶ I have never seen a stranger bird. 这是我见过的最希奇的鸟啦。
5. "more than+从句"表现"逾越……的范围"啦。
▶ The noise is more than I can put up with. 这类噪音我忍受不了啦。
Module 6
单词
contain [kən'tein] vt. 包罗;包罗
access ['ækses] n.靠近;通路
crash [kræʃ] vi.(盘算机)崩-溃
keyword ['ki: , wə:d] n.密码;口令
log [lɒg] vt.纪录;登录
software ['sɒftwєə] n. 软件
breakdown ['breikdaun] n.缺点
source [sɒ:s] n.起源;理由
accessible [ək'sesəbl] adj.可进去的; 可运用的
data ['deitə] n.(复)数据
defence [di'fens] n.守护;防卫
create [kri:'eit] vt. 缔造;制造
network ['netwə:k] n. 网络
via [vaiə] prep.途径;通过
percentage [pə'sentidʒ] n.百分数;百分率
design [di'zain] vt. 计划
document ['dɒkjumənt] n. 文件
invention [in'venʃən] n. 制造
permission [pə'miʃən] n. 允许
military ['militəri] adj.军事的;部-队的
concentrate ['kɒnsəntreit] vi.会合(注重力.想法等)
definite ['definit] adj. 明确的
fantastic [fæn'tæstik] adj.极好的;美妙的
independent [,indi'pendənt] adj.自力的
essay ['esei] n.短文
pass [pæs] vt.凌驾
frequently ['fri:kwəntli] adv.经常;经常
disadvantage [,disəd'vɑ:ntidʒ] n.坏处;弱点和缺点
average ['ævəridʒ] adj.平均的
statistics [stə'tistiks] n.(复)统计数字
shorten ['ʃɒ:tn] vt.缩短
sideways ['saidweiz] adv.横着地;斜着地
Cincinnati n. 辛辛那提(美国都市)
search n. vt. & vi. 寻找;寻找
in search of 寻找;追求
geography n. 天文书
salesman n. 售货员，伙计
lad n. 少年;小伙子
request n. & vt. 乞求;乞求
store n. 商铺
disappointment n. 缺少信心;悔恨
bookseller n. 书商
ahead of 在…前面;优于
sailor n. 海员，海员;水军战士
add vt. 又说，添补说
eyebrow n. 眉毛
remainder n. 剩余物
Phrase短语
consist of 由 ……组成
as well 也
become known as … 做为……而着名;被称为……;叫做……
go down 下降
come up with 提出
from that moment on 从那时起
concentrate on 专心致志;会合想法
compared with 与……对比
语法概括
Ⅰ.形成词
考点一、形成词
由两个或者两个以上自力的词形成的新词叫形成词啦。形成词有一些用连字符"-"连在一同，有一些直-连续在一同啦。罕见的形成词有形成名词.形成形容词.形成动词等啦。
1.形成名词
(1)形成名词可在句中做主语.宾语等啦。
▶ Sightseeing took up the whole morning. 旅行花了一上中午刻啦。
▶ Smoking is not allowed during take-off. 飞机升空时不允许吸烟啦。
(2)形成名词的罕见组成办法
● 名词+名词
▶ football self-respect 自尊
● 动词+副词
▶ breakout 越狱 take-off 升空
● 副词+动词
▶ outbreak 崩-溃 income 利润
● -ing+名词
▶ sleeping-pill 安息药 dining-car 餐车
● 形容词+名词
▶ blackboard 黑板 double-dealer 两面派
2.形成形容词
(1)形成形容词多在句中做定语，有一些也可做表语啦。
▶ He can speak a lot of everyday English. 他会说许多一样平常英语啦。
▶ She is very outgoing. 他很爽朗啦。
(2)形成形容词的罕见组成办法
● 数词+名词(+形容词)
▶ eight-year-old 八岁的 three-metre(-long)三米(长)的
● 形容词/副词+现在分词
▶ hard-working 勤劳的 easy-going 随和的
● 名词+现在分词
▶ mouth-watering 使人垂涎的 peace-loving 亲爱宁静的
● 形容词/副词+以前分词
▶ ready-made 现成的 well-known 著名的
● 名词+介词+名词
▶ face-to-face 面对面的 shoulder-to-shoulder 肩并肩的
● 名词+以前分词
▶ man-made 后-天制造的 self-educated 自学的
● 数词/形容词+名词-ed形势
▶ four-legged 四条腿的 warm-hearted 热心地的
● 形容词+名词
▶ high-class 高级的 large-scale 大片的
● 名词+形容词
▶ snow-white 雪白的 colour-blind 色盲的
3.形成动词
形成动词的罕见组成办法
● 名词+动词
▶ sleepwalk 梦游 sightsee 旅行
副词/介词+动词
▶ overthrow 倾覆 undergo 经验
● 形容词+动词
▶ whitewash 粉刷 safeguard 守卫
● 副词/介词+名词
▶ underline 在(……下)画线 overpower 制胜，压服
Ⅱ.冠词
考点一、不定冠词的用法
1.不定冠词的基本用法
(1)表现数目"一"的观点，与one相近，但不妨one语气强啦。
▶ I have a bike. It's made in Shanghai. 我有一辆自行车，他产于上海啦。
(2)用在可数名词单数前，泛指一类人或者东西啦。
▶ A bird has wings. 鸟有翅膀啦。
▶ A teacher shouldn't talk like that. 老师不应当那样讲话啦。
(3)用来表现未必的某一位，十分于a certain，some啦。
▶ A Mr Wang came to see you this morning. 今天凌晨一位王帅哥来找过你啦。
(4)表现"每一"，十分于per或者each啦。
▶ The car can run 200 kilometres an hour. 这类车每一小时能行驶200千米啦。
(5)用于首次提到的对话单方不知道的人或者物前啦。
▶ There is a park on the corner of the street. 在这条街的拐角处有个公园啦。
(6)用在物质名词前，表现"一阵，一份，一场，一种"等啦。
▶ They were caught in a heavy rain. 你们赶上了一场大雨啦。
▶ I'd like to have an ice cream. 我想来一份冰激凌啦。
(7)knowledge, collection, understanding等名词后加of时，其前或者其装饰语前经常使用不定冠词a/an啦。
▶ Her new book is a collection of short stories. 他的新书是一部短篇小说集啦。
▶ He has a good knowledge of French. 他醒目法语啦。
(8)拥有动做意义的名词在与have，take，make，give等动词组成短语表现一种暂时性的动做时，此名词前须用不定冠词啦。
▶ have a look/walk/break/try 看一看/漫步/休息/试一试
(9)用在某些牢固搭配中啦。
▶ as a result 因而 as a rule 平时
▶ as a whole 所有上 as a matter of fact 现实上
▶ at a loss 手足无措 in a hurry 慌忙
▶ in a word 总之 in a sense 在某种意义上
2.不定冠词的希奇用法
(1)不定冠词能够用于某些详细化的形象名词前，能够详细化的形象名词有shame, surprise, pleasure, honour, success, help, beauty, failure等啦。
▶ It's a pleasure for me to work with you. 和你一同工做我十分开心啦。
▶ She was a famous beauty in her youth. 他年轻时是个著名的尤物啦。
(2)表现世界上唯一无两的东西的名词前一样平常加定冠词the，但若名词前有装饰语，可用不定冠词啦。如
▶ the world, a peaceful world; the moon, a bright moon
(3)不定冠词用于序数词前表现"又一，再一"，十分于another啦。
▶ Can you give me a second chance, please? 你能再给我一次机遇吗?
(4)表现每一天三顿饭的名词和专著名词前如果有形容词装饰，也可用不定冠词啦。
▶ I had a wonderful supper yesterday. 昨晚我吃了一顿鲜味佳肴啦。
(5)"a most+形容词"表现"很……"，most在此不表现最高级含意，而是"很，十分"的意义，十分于very;"the +most+多音节形容词"为多音节形容词的最高级形势，表现"最……"啦。
▶ This is a most interesting film. 这是一部十分意义的电影啦。
(6)用在"be+of+a(n)+n."结构中，表现"一样的"，十分于the same啦。
▶ They are nearly of an age. 你们全部同岁啦。
(7)不定冠词的运用与数的观点有关，如果两个名词共有一位不定冠词，那么这两个名词指统一私人或者物啦。
▶ His father is a teacher and poet. 他父亲是位老师兼念书的人啦。
(8)不定冠词用在专著名词中的地名前，表现"一位……的场所"啦。
▶ She is now a different China from what she was twenty years ago. 现在的祖国-事一位与两十年前区别的国家了啦。
考点二、定冠词的用法
1.定冠词的基本用法
(1)表现"特指"啦。上文以条件到的人或者物，再次提到时在其前加the;也可指上文未提到，但谈话双方都知道的人或者物啦。
▶ He bought a house. I've been to the house. 他买了幢屋子啦。我去过那幢屋子啦。
(2)用在可数名词单数前表现一类人或者东西啦。
▶ The rose is my favourite flower. 玫瑰花是我最喜好的花啦。
(3)用在被短语或者从句装饰的名词前表现特指啦。
▶ The young man is the student who I taught 10 years ago. 这个年轻人是我十年前教过的學生啦。
(4)指世界上唯一无两的东西啦。但当这些名词前有装饰成份时，能够用不定冠词啦。
The earth goes around the sun. 地围绕太阳转啦。
(5)用在序数词.形容词/副词最高级和形容词only，very，same等前面啦。
▶ Is this the first time you have visited Beijing? 这是你首次游览北京吗?
▶ He runs the fastest in his class. 他是你们班跑得最快的啦。
(6)用在表现姓氏的复数名词以前，表现全亲属或者夫妇俩啦。
▶ The Greens are on holiday now. 格林全家(夫妇)现在现在度假啦。
(7)用于表现详细的地址.方向.时刻或者某天的一部-分等的名词前啦。如
▶ in the east/south/west/north在东/南/西/南方
▶ on the right/left在右/左侧
(8)用在表现江河.湖泊.海域.山脉.岛屿.海湾.海峡.报纸.书籍.杂志.开会.文件等的专著名词前啦。
▶ the Pacific (Ocean)平安洋 the Persian Gulf 波斯湾
▶ the Himalayas 喜马拉雅山脉
(9)用在某些牢固词组中啦。
▶ make the most/best of 足够使用
▶ in the end 最终
▶ by the way 顺便说一下 in the distance 在远处
2.定冠词的希奇用法
(1)用于表现世纪.年月.朝代的名词和逢十的复数名词前(指某个年月)啦。如
▶ in the 1990's 在20世纪90年月;the Qing Dynasty 清代
(2)在 "动词(take/catch/pat/hit/)+sb.+介词(by/in/on)+the+名词(身段某一部位)"结构中，名词前要用定冠词the，而没必-要物主代词啦。
▶ He took her by the hand. 他拉住了他的手啦。
(3)用在表现器量单元的名词前，如by the
hour/day/week/month/year/dozen/yard/ton/kilo，可是size/weight/time这类名词跟by连用时不加冠词啦。
▶ I hired the car by the hour. 我按小时租了这辆车啦。
(4)用于句型 "the+对比级，the+对比级 "，该句型表现"越……越……"啦。
▶ The more we get together, the happier we'll be. 咋们相处的时刻越多，就越甜蜜啦。
(5)用于某些形容词或者分词前面表现一类人或者东西啦。做主语时谓语动词一样平常用复数，但在表现某一私人或者某种形象观点时谓语动词用单数啦。
▶ The rich should help the poor. 富豪应当救助穷人啦。
▶ The learned are very modest. 有学的人很谦逊啦。
考点三、零冠词的用法
1.零冠词的基本用法
(1)(首次运用的)不行数名词前平时没必-要冠词啦。如
▶ Man needs air and water. 人类必-要空-气和水啦。
(2)专著名词前一样平常没必-要冠词啦。但某些由普通名词组成的专著名词前平时用定冠词啦。如
▶ Lei Feng 雷锋 Beijing 北京 the United States 美国
(3)复数名词泛指一类人或者东西时，其前没必-要冠词啦。
▶ On weekends，shopping malls are always crowded with people. 周末，商场里总是挤满了人啦。
(4)表现街道.广场.公园和大-学等的名词前，一样平常没必-要冠词啦。如
▶ Chang'an Street 长安街 Tiananmen Square 天安门广场 Beihai Park 北海公园 Tsinghua University 清华大-学
(5)表现学科称呼.类行-动.棋类等的名词前没必-要冠词啦。
▶ I am very interested in English. 我对英语很感兴趣啦。
(6)表现每一天三顿饭等的名词前一样平常没必-要冠词啦。但若指详细的某顿饭或者三餐前有形容词装饰时要用冠词啦。如
▶ have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
▶ have a wonderful supper 吃一顿富厚的晚饭
(7)表现节气.月份.星期.节节日等的名词前经常没必-要冠词啦。
▶ We like to go swimming in summer. 咋们夏日喜好去游水啦。
(8)名词前已有指点代词.物主代词或者不定代词时没必-要冠词啦。
▶ My pen is much more expensive than yours. 我的钢笔比你的珍贵多了啦。
(9)表现唯一无两的职位.头衔的名词前用零冠词啦。
▶ Mandela, president of South Africa, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1997. 南非总统曼德拉于1997年被授予诺贝尔宁静啦。
2.零冠词的希奇用法
(1)turn (变成) 后的单数名词做表语其前没必-要冠词啦。
▶ His brother has turned writer. 他弟弟已变成一位做家啦。
(2)在"表现种别的名词+of "这一结构中of后的可数名词单数前没必-要冠词啦。
▶ These kinds of questions often appear in the exam. 这类疑在审核中经常出-现啦。
(3)"零冠词+可数名词单数+as/though+主语+谓语+主句"意为"只管/只管……可是……"啦。
▶ Hero as he is, he has some shortcomings. 只管他是个英雄，他也有一些弱点和缺点啦。
(4)与by 连用的表现交通器械和通讯器械的名词以前没必-要冠词啦。
▶ It's quicker by air than by sea. 乘飞机比搭船快啦。
(5)有一些名词前加定冠词和没必-要冠词意义差异太大
▶ at school 在入学
at the school 在学堂里
▶ at table 在用饭
at the table 在桌子旁
▶ in hospital 住院
in the hospital 在医院里
▶ in prison 在坐牢
in the prison 在牢狱里
▶ by sea 搭船
by the sea 在海滨
▶ in front of 在……的前面
in the front of 在……(内里)的前面
▶ on earth 终究，在世界上
on the earth 在地上
▶ out of question 毫无不明确的场所
out of the question 不该该
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